The Art of Instruction Notebook Collection by Chronicle Books

Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical commodity in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, nether give-and-take, unsaid or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most oft used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven per centum of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Center English and now has a single class used with pronouns of whatever gender.^[a] The give-and-take can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a substantive that starts with whatever letter of the alphabet. This is dissimilar from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite commodity for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant audio, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel sound or used as an emphatic class.^[two]

Mod American and New Zealand English accept an increasing trend to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and utilize /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [four]}

Sometimes the give-and-take "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not just "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite commodity principles in English are described nether "Employ of articles". The, as in phrases like "the more the meliorate", has a distinct origin and etymology and by run a risk has evolved to be identical to the definite commodity.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Erstwhile English system. Old English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Heart English language, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English discussion the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An surface area in which the utilize or not-apply of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the Northward Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements mostly do not take a "the" commodity (Europe, Jura, Austria (just the Republic of austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (just the Canton of York), Madrid).
• beginning with a common substantive followed past of may take the article, as in the Island of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Isle), aforementioned applies to names of institutions: Cambridge Academy, but the University of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Hamlet (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West Terminate, the East Cease, The Hague, or the Metropolis of London (simply London). Formerly eastward.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• generally described singular names, the Due north Island (New Zealand) or the West State (England), accept an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" simply there are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective common nouns such as "kingdom", "commonwealth", "union", etc.: the Cardinal African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including most country full names:^{[viii] [9]} the Czech republic (simply Czechia), the Russia (merely Russian federation), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the State of State of israel (but State of israel) and the Australia (simply Australia).^{[10] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: kingdom of the netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Republic of the maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Atypical derivations from "island" or "state" that hold authoritative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Isle – practice not accept a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, even for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in reject, The Gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered onetime-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to every bit the Ukraine, a usage that was mutual during the 20th century, but this is considered incorrect and perhaps offensive in modernistic usage.^[14] Sudan (but the Commonwealth of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the about frequently used words in English, at diverse times short abbreviations for information technology have been institute:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abridgement, information technology is used in manuscripts in the Old English language. It is the alphabetic character þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Middle English language manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and announced in Early on Modern manuscripts and in print (encounter Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been fabricated by individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their archetype printers' handbook Typographical Press-Surfaces, a proposal for a alphabetic character similar to Ħ to stand for "Thursday", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Middle English language, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a pocket-sized e above it, similar to the abridgement for that, which was a þ with a small t higher up it. During the latter Eye English language and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive class, came to resemble a y shape. As a result, the use of a y with an e above it () as an abridgement became common. This can withal be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Meaty. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y audio, even when so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Republic countries for the honorific title "The Correct Honourable", as in due east.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Lexicon.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (sixth ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.i." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Lexicon . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. eight–ix. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

cunninghamyoubtand.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

Share this post